What technology does a Docker container utilize for isolation?

Docker containers utilize namespaces for isolation, which is a fundamental technology that allows multiple processes to run on the same host while appearing to each process as if it is operating in its own private environment. Namespaces provide various forms of isolation such as process IDs (PID), network interfaces, and user IDs, effectively creating separate views of the system for each container. This is crucial for ensuring that the processes within one container do not interfere with those in another, allowing for efficient and secure utilization of system resources.

The use of namespaces is integral to how Docker achieves its lightweight virtualization, as opposed to more heavyweight approaches like traditional virtual machines that require full operating system instances. This isolation provided by namespaces is what enables the seamless management and orchestration of containerized applications across different environments.